Organic chemistry

Course Code: 1.5 

Semester: 1rst 

Category: Compulsory 

Hours: 2h Th + 2h Lab

ECTS : 5

 

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The aim of the course is:

• To teach students the basic principles of Organic Chemistry and especially to understand the structure of molecules and the properties deriving from it.
• Identify the functional groups of organic compounds and understand the reactions and mechanisms associated with them.
• They should understand the creation of new molecules, with properties other than those of the reactants and generally understand what Organic Synthesis is.
• Become familiar with the use of basic techniques used in the Organic Laboratory when carrying out Organic Synthesis reactions.

 General skills

• Research, analysis and synthesis of elements and information for the use of necessary techniques and technology
• Promote critical, creative, and inductive thinking
• Autonomous work
• Teamwork
• Decision making

 

COURSE CONTENT

Theoretical part 

• Introduction to Organic Chemistry, structure of molecules, hybridization.
• The concept of chemical bond. Concepts of covalent bond, ionic bond, electronic phenomena.
• Bonds and molecular properties. Dipole moment, Formal Charges, Resonance
• Acids and Bases. Organic acids and Organic bases
• Drawing chemical structures, Functional Groups, Homologous Series
• Intermolecular Forces – Van der Waals Forces ( dipole–dipole forces, dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonds)
• Isomerism – Stereoisomerism
• Organic Reactions and Mechanisms

 

Functional Group Reactions:

• Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Terpenes
• Benzene, Aromatic Compounds
• Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
• Aldehydes, Ketones
• Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines
• Carbohydrates, Proteins

 

Laboratory Part

Introduction to organic synthesis and practice of organic reactions.

Experiment 1: Esterification

1. The synthesis of twelve different aromatic esters, acetic and propanoic acid by acid catalysis and determination of their aromatic character.
2. The synthesis of two esters of acetic acid (with isoamyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol) and their isolation.

Experiment 2: Oxidation

Oxidation of a secondary alcohol, butan-2-ol to butanone with potassium dichromate and isolation of the oxidation product.

Experiment 3: Aldolic condensation

Synthesis of benzacetophenone (calcone), from acetophenone and benzaldehyde (aldolate condensation reaction).

Experiment 4:  Aldolic condensation, thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Identification of compounds in the reaction mixture by thin layer chromatography

 

RECOMMENDED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry
Complete version of Organic chemistry with exercises

 

1. John Mc Murry, «Οργανική Χημεία, Τόμος Ι» ΠΑΝ. ΕΚΔΟΣΕΙΣ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ (2017)
2. Marc Loudon, Jim Parise «Οργανική Χημεία», Εκδότης Broken Hill Publishers (2019).
3. Leroy G. Wade, Jan William Simek «Οργανική Χημεία», 9^η Έκδοση, ΕΚΔΟΣΕΙΣ ΤΖΙΟΛΑ (2017).
4. Β. Ντουρτόγλου «Εισαγωγή στην Οργανική Χημεία, Σημειώσεις Θεωρίας» (2017)
5. «Εργαστηριακά Πειράματα Οργανικής Χημείας», Μετάφραση-Επιμέλεια Χ.Ε. Σεμιδαλάς, Εκδόσεις ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ, Αθήνα (2012).
6. S. Furnis, A.J. Hannaford , P.W.G. Smith, A.R. Tatchell; Vogel’s Textbook of Partical Organic Chemistry ; Fifth edition, London (1996)
7. Zanger, J.R. Mc Kee; Small scale Syntheses. A Laboratory Textbook of Organic Chemistry; Wm.C.Brown Publishers (USA) (1995)
8. Microscale and Miniscale Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments by Allen M. Schoffstall, Barbara A. Gaddis and Melvin L. Druelinger (Jul 29, 2010)